B A N G K 0 K  M E T R O P OL I S

Bangkok Metropolis lies on both banks of the Chao Phaya, the main river of Thailand, 20 kms upstream from the Gulf of Thailand. King Rama 1, the founder of the present Chakri Dynasty built the present capital in Bangkok in 1782. The Royal Founder took great care to build palaces and temples of the new capital in the same style of Ayuthaya, the previous capital, which in turn had its origin from Sukhothai, the first Thai capital built in the 13th century. Both former capitals, now national historical parks, have been placed in the UN's list of world cultural heritages. The name Bangkok appeared on international navigation charts as far back as the 15th century as an outpost port of Ayuthaya, the former capital where western merchant ships made frequent calls. However, Bangkok has got an official name, so auspicious and long that it goes into the Guinness Book as the longest in the world for a city. In short, the official name is "Krung Thep" meaning "The City of Angels", the same name as Los Angeles, which incidentally has a sizable Thai community numbering over 300,000 ethnic Thais, the largest outside Thailand.

Getting Around

BUSES

The ordinary city buses are not air-conditioned and are usually crowded during peak hours but their frequency is good. There are two types of ordinary buses -- the blue and the red ones. Besides, there are smaller private buses. The blue buses and the smaller private buses charge Bht. 2.50 and the red buses charge Bht. 3.50 throughout the routes.

Though comfortable for most of the day, the air-conditioned buses are packed to full capacity by office-goers during the morning and evening rush hours. The fares range from Bht. 6 for a distance of up to 8 km. to a maximum of Bht. 16. Most maps of Bangkok indicate the numbers of air-conditioned buses and their respective routes.

Smaller than the blue air-conditioned buses, micro buses operate on some of the major routes in the city. The seats have enough leg space. For the convenience of the passengers, the buses carry a stock of Thai-language magazines. Video entertainment also is available on board.

With the recent introduction of metered taxis, it has become very convenient for visitors to hail them and go to any destination without any haggling over fares. The metered taxis have a sign "Taxi Meter" on their roofs. The minimum fare is Bht. 35 for a distance of no more than 2 km. The fare increases according to the distance covered. For example, for a journey of 5 km, the meter will show Bht. 49, for 10.99 km, the charge will be Bht. 71, for 18.99 km, the meter will show Bht. 99, and Bht. 125 for a distance of 26.39 km. These rates are based on a travel speed of over 6 km per hour. If the speed is slower, a surcharge of one baht per minute is added automatically. In case of travel by expressway, the toll is payable by the passenger.

There are still some old non-metered taxis plying the roads of Bangkok. Passengers are advised to negotiate the fare before getting into a non-metered taxi.

TUK-TUKS

These three-wheeled automobiles are best used for covering short distances. Less convenient than taxis, the tuk-tuks are considered a faster mode of transport. They are also cheaper than ordinary taxis but fares must be negotiated before boarding.

PRIVATE CARS & VANS

Bangkok has a number of private car rental agencies with fleet of modern cars and vans. Chauffeur-driven cars can be rented from the agencies. For self-driven cars, clients are required to fulfill some formalities. Avis Rent-a-Car and Hertz are two of the most popular car rental agencies.

MOTORCYCLE TAXIS

Pillion-riding on a motor-cycle taxi is cheap and surely the fastest mode of travel in the city. The motorcyclists filter through the queues of cars and buses to reach their destination faster than the other modes of transport.

FERRY SERVICES

It is fun to travel in a boat when crossing the Chao Phraya river, or reaching from one point to another along the same bank. They are relatively faster and cheaper, though fares depend on the distance and type of the boat.

Cultural Attractions

THE SIAM SOCIETY

Founded in 1904 under Royal Patronage, the organization helps those interested in the artistic and cultural life of Thailand and neighboring countries. The Society maintains an excellent library (for members only); publishes an esteemed journal; and organizes monthly lectures, exhibitions, and study trips. It has a natural history section too. An ethnological museum providing traditional Thai artifacts and carvings is housed in the Kamthieng House on the grounds of the Society. It is open Tue to Sat 9 am - 12 noon and 1-5 pm. The address is 131 Sukhumvit 21 (Soi Asoke), Bangkok 10110. Tel.: 258-3491.

NATIONAL MUSEUM

Possibly the largest in Southeast Asia, this treasure trove has an interesting history. It is well laid out, offers pamphlets in English and offers excellent guided tours. Open 9 am to 12 and 1 to 4 pm, except Mon. and Fri. Admission fee is Bht. 20; free on weekends. There are free guided tours in foreign languages starting at 9.30 am (Tel.: 258-7215). The museum is next to Thammasat University at the far end of Sanam Luang from the Grand Palace.

NATIONAL THEATRE

Just around the corner from the National Museum is this huge building where drama and Thai classical dance performances are presented. There is a dance exhibition on the last Friday of every month at 5 pm. Admission fee for other shows is around Bht 30. Call 224-1342 for further details.

NATIONAL ART GALLERY

Located across the road, almost opposite the National Theatre, is this unpretentious gallery where works of contemporary Thai artists are exhibited from 9 am to 12 noon and 1 to 5 pm daily, except Mondays and Fridays. Admission is free. Tel.: 221-7811. At the rear of the building are the National Film Archives. Run by a small group of dedicated people, the outfit is concerned with the documentation and preservation of Thai films. There are free film shows every Friday evening at 6.30 pm.

THAILAND CULTURAL CENTER

Avenue for musical and visual entertainment, this spacious complex was established with Japanese assistance. Its monthly programme often lists artists from abroad. It is located on Ratckadapisek Road, behind an open automobile showroom directly opposite the Siam Jusco shopping mall. For programme details call 247-0028, 247-0060-9

NATIONAL LIBRARY

This public library has a good collection of books in English and some other European languages on wide ranging topics. Located at the intersection of Sri Ayutthaya and Samsen Roads, the library is open from 8.30 am to 6 pm; Mon. through Sat. The National Archives office is located in the some premises. Tel: 281-5212

Exploring Bangkok

CITY PILLAR SHRINE

The City Pillar Shrine is located just east of the Grand Palace compound. Recently renovated, the shrine contains the foundation stone of the city (Lak Muang) from which distances are measured.The stone is phallic in shape and is believed to be inhabited by a spirit that looks after the city of Bangkok.

VIMARNMEK MANSION

Situated behind the old national Assembly building, Vimarnmek Mansion is billed as the world's largest golden teak building. As much a work of art as the treasures it holds, Vimarnmek (Cloud Mansion) was built by King Chulalongkorn as a rural residence for his family. The airy I00-room mansion is full of crystal, Faberge jewelry and other objects, brought from Europe.

Your ticket to the Grand Palace also entitles you to visit this mansion. Open daily from 9.30 a.m. to 4 p.m.

ERAWAN SHRINE

Thailand's devotion to Hindu deities is best represented by the famous shrine at the Ratchadamri traffic junction, where the Grand Hyatt Erawan Hotel stands.

To boost their fortunes or success in their ventures, be it studies or business, Thais make offerings at the statue of the Hindu god Brahma. Originally erected by Grand Hyatt Erawan to counter a series of accidents during the construction, the shrine is now redolent with incense smoke and jasmine. To repay the deity for fulfilled wishes devotees place wooden elephants around the shrine or hire a resident troupe to dance.

SNAKE FARM

This place is a popular attraction for the tourists as well as locals. Situated in the Pasteur Institute compound, at the corner of Henri Dunant and Rama IV Roads, the Snake Farm has a large collection of poisonous snakes. Under huge, shady rain trees are three large and deep pits contain hundreds of poisonous snakes. The principal species kept at this farm are king cobras (some of them four metres long), ordinary cobras, banded kraits and Russell vipers.

DUSIT ZOO

This is one of the most popular places in Bangkok for family outings, especially on weekends. Located on Rama V Road, the zoo is spread over 47 acres. The main entrance to the zoo is on Rajvithi Road. The zoo is also known as Khao Din Zoo. The place is so-called because its central topographical feature is a manmade hill which gives a view of the entire park.

Formerly a part of the Royal Dusit Garden Palace, the Dusit Zoo was set up by King Rama V as his private botanical garden. The zoo houses a fine collection of birds and animals, including the white elephant. It is open 8 a.m.-6 p.m.

SUAN PAKKARD PALACE

One famous private garden that is open to the public is at Suan Pokkard Palace on Sri Ayutkaya Road. Not far from the Victory Monument, it is the residence of Princess Chumbhot of Nagara Svarga, one of Thailand's leading gardeners and art collectors. The complex consists of five traditional Thai houses that contain a large collection of Buddha images, Khmer statues, old paintings, porcelains, musical instruments and the regalia of the late Prince Chumbhot.

LUMPINI PARK

It stands like an oasis amid a concrete jungle. Named after Lord Buddha's birthplace, this park is an ideal place to take a break from the hectic pace of life and give your lungs a fresh breath of air. In an artificial lake at the park, ducks and paddle boat fans can be seen moving around unmindful of the travails of Bangkokians on the roads.

The main entrance to the park is opposite the Dusit Thani Hotel on Rama IV Road where the statue of King Rama IV stands.

The Wats in Bangkok

Thailand has some of the world's most beautiful temples which still retain their centuries-old character and content.

WAT PHRA KAEO

Temple of the Emerald Buddha

Located on the grounds of the Grand Palace, the Royal Chapel of the Emerald Buddha is one of Buddhism's most magnificent monasteries and probably the most famous place in Thailand.

This is the personal chapel of His Majesty the King of Thailand, and the statue of the Emerald Buddha is considered the most sacred image in the kingdom. However, the lovely image is not emerald but is fashioned from a single piece of jasper and is 61 cm. high. The history of the Emerald Buddha is unusual. It was discovered in Chiang Mai in 1436 when a crack appeared in the large plaster over the Buddha image.

The complex is open from 8.30 a.m. to noon and from 1.00 p.m. to 3.30 p.m. An admission fee of Bht. 100 is charged which allows the visitor to visit the Vimanmek Mansion near Dusit Zoo.

WAT PO

Temple of the Reclining Buddha

The most extensive monastery in Bangkok, Wat Po was built on the site of an older monastery known as Wat Pothraram. Although best known for its enormous Reclining Buddha, it contains many other features which should not be missed.

Scattered over the huge grounds there are a large bot, four great chedis, the viharn of the Reclining Buddha, and other smaller viharns and chedis.

It is suggested that the tourists visit the centres of interest at Wat Po in the following order: First the bot and the surrounding areas; then the four great chedis followed by the Reclining Buddha.

In the courtyard are four large chedis standing opposite the lingam. These chedis represent the first four Kings of the Chakri Dynasty.

The viharn of the great Reclining Buddha is in the western courtyard. This image, representing the Buddha as he was attaining Nirvana, is 46 metres long and 15 metres high. The image is made of cement-covered brick and coated with gold leaf. The soles of the feet are inlaid with mother-of-pearl with 108 signs, marks and qualities by which a true Buddha is recognised.

WAT TRIMITR

Temple of the Golden Buddha

The wat is located at the intersection of Yaowaraj Road and Charoen Krung Road, close to Hualumpong Railway Station. The golden image inside this temple is 3 metres high and weighs five and a half tones. Sculpted in the graceful Sukhothai style, the serene image gleams beautifully, it is believed this large idol originated in Ayuthaya. This image was discovered accidentally when its original stucco sheath cracked open. It is believed that many years ago a huge Buddha image was transferred to the compound of Wat Trimitr from an abandoned monastery in downtown Bangkok. In the year 1953, the image crashed to the ground when the hook of the crane holding it broke under the strain. That night, a thunderstorm raged over Bangkok. Torrents of rain fell on the cracked plaster of the giant Buddha image.

After the rains stopped, the abbot of Wat Trimitr began to clean the image. While doing so he saw glittering metal through one of the large cracks. He called other monks, the plaster was removed and underneath was found a Buddha image of solid gold.

The origin of this image is still a mystery but itwas probably cost during the Sukhothai Period (1238-1378).

Exploring Bangkok alone could take weeks, but because of the short duration of their visit to Thailand tourists like to visit the main places in Bangkok and then go on day-tips to nearby places. Almost all tour operators offer packages to nearby attractions. Among the most popular places are the Floating Market, Ayuthaya, Bang Pa-in and the Crocodile Farm.

CROCODILE FARM

Known as the Samutprakarn Crocodile Farm and Zoo, it lies 30 kilometres southeast of Bangkok. Founded in 1950, the farm has over 40,000 crocodiles of 28 different species, some of them no longer in existence elsewhere. The farm was acknowledged by the Guinness Book of World Records for holding the largest crocodile ever held in captivity. The Estuarine/ Siamese hybrid named 'Yai' measures six metres in length and weighs 2,465 pounds.

The highlight of the visit to the farm is a show in which handlers go into a pond full of crocodiles and handle them by their tails rather roughly. The ferocious reptiles seem to obey the orders quite obediently, except for some stubborn ones.

Besides crocodiles, the farm also has other zoological amusements. There are elephants, which dance to disco music, gibbons, which are now on Thailand's protected species list, a collection of poisonous snakes, lions, tigers, a tame python, a black bear and a host of other birds and animals.

The farm is open daily from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. Admission fee is Bht. 200, which includes the crocodile wrestling and elephant show.

ANCIENT CITY

A few kilometres from the Crocodile Farm is the Ancient city, which bills itself as the 11 world's largest outdoor museum." Spread over 81 hectares of what were rice fields, it took three years to construct. The complex has scale replicas, some full size, others one-third the size of the original, of famous monuments and temples from all parts of the kingdom. Some of them are reconstructions of buildings that no longer exist, like the Grand Palace and Royal Chapel of Ayuthaya.

In addition to the monuments, the Ancient City has a model Thai village, in which you can see artisans at work on various native handicrafts like lacquer ware, ceramics and paper umbrellas.

The complex takes an entire day to cover as each building is situated according to its actual geographical location to give an idea of regional variations in architecture. It is open daily from 8.30 a.m. to 6 p.m.

FLOATING MARKET

One attraction that is almost certainly on any visitor's agenda is the Floating Market at Damnern Saduak. The trip to the market starts very early in the morning from one of the many piers along the Chao Phraya river.

In a comfortable boat, you get to sail along one of the major canals of the city witnessing scenes of Thai life along the banks. Men and women wearing straw hats can be seen transporting their merchandise to the Floating Market in their longtail boats. The market is specially famous for its fruits, particularly large, succulent pomelos.

Early morning is the ideal time for visiting the Floating Market because around 9 a.m. the place is deluged by thousands of tourists and there seems to be a traffic jam even along the waterways.

AYUTHAYA

Situated some 89 kilometres to the north of Bangkok, Ayuthaya is the former capital of Thailand (1350-1767) Itwas completely destroyed by retreating Burmese forces in 1767 but the ruins still bear witness to its former splendour. Archaeological excavation of the site, on which Chao Sam Phraya Museum also stands, is still continuing and some of the ruins have been restored.

During its heyday, Thai culture and commerce flourished there as the English, French, Dutch, Portuguese and Spanish held their trading posts in Ayuthaya.

Today Ayuthaya is a bustling country town sprawled along the main street from the Pridi Damrong Bridge to a little beyond the Chandrakasem Palace.

There are two museums in Ayuthaya namely Chao Sam Phraya and Chan Kasem. The former, in the centre of the town on Rajana Road, contains a superb collection of terracotta, bronze and stone statues mostly from the Ayuthaya Period and some belonging to the Lopburi and U-Thong styles.

Probably the best way to reach Ayuthaya is by boat, though bus and train services also are available. Several cruises run daily between Bangkok and Ayuthaya, bookings of which can be made either at the travel agencies or at the travel desk in most of the hotels.

BANG PA-IN PALACE

About 60 kilometres from Bangkok on the river route to Ayuthaya, the Bang Pa-in Summer Palace is a charming collection of palaces and pavilions once used by the kings of Thailand as a summer retreat.

Although the Bang Pa-in Palace itself presents some fine examples of Thai architecture, the surrounding palace complex illustrates Thailand's fondness for adaptation, with two buildings in the classical Greek architectural style, a Gothic church and a replica of the Imperial Palace of Beijing.

A Thai-style pavilion called Aisawan Thipaya-art in the middle of the lake is regarded as one of the finest examples of Thai architecture.

The many pools scattered around the complex enhance the graceful lines and bright colours with perfect reflections in their still waters.

The palace complex is open everyday, except Monday, from 8.30 a.m. to noon and 1 p.m. to 4 p.m.

ROSE GARDEN

Thirty-two kilometres west of Bangkok lies a resort which is very popular both among Thai people and overseas visitors. Known as Suan Samphran, the Rose Garden is a combination of beautifuIly-landscaped gardens, a modern hotel with convention rooms, several classy restaurants, a swimming pool, a golf course, a bowling alley, and a model Thai village. Also available are facilities for boating and water-skiing on the lake.

The highlight of the resort is a traditional Thai cultural performance amidst the Thai cultural village setting. The performance includes Thai folk dances, classical dances, sword fights, Thai boxing, a Buddhist ordination ceremony, and an elephant show.

NAKHON PATHOM

Just 54 kilometres west of Bangkok is the city of Nakhon Pathom where Buddhism is believed to have been introduced to Thais. Its colossal landmark seems to tower over the surrounding countryside. Standing 127 metres high, Phra Paithom Chedi is the tallest Buddhist monument in the world.

In the days of canal travel, a royal visit to Nakhon Pathom involved more than a day's journey. Hence it is not surprising that various palaces and residences were built there.

The Sanam Chandra Palace has a fine sala (formerly a meeting pavilion) and a building in the most unusual Thai interpretation of English Tudor architecture.

KANCHANABURI

One of the most picturesque provinces of Thailand, it was built under the patronage of King Rama III. About 129 kilometres to the west of Bangkok, it is located at the confluence of Kwai Yai and Kwai Noi rivers. The formation of Maeklang River starts from here.

Besides the dense jungles and rugged hills, the area is known for the infamous Death Railway Bridge over the River Kwai constructed by allied prisoners of the Japanese army during World War II. Australian, British, Dutch and Indian soldiers who lost their lives during the construction of the Death Railway lie buried at the Kanchanburi cemetery.

The area achieved archeological distinction during the war when a freak accident led, to the discovery of Neolithic burial sites in the area. From a study of the remains, it was established that a definite cultural link existed at some time between the people who lived in Thailand and those who lived in the Malaysian peninsula.

There are several valleys and waterfalls worth seeing. Notable among them are Erawan Khoo Phang or Sai Yok Noi and Sai Yok Yai. The cave temples of the Golden Dragon or Wat Tham Mangkhon Thong, Wat Tham Khoo Laem and Wat Tham Koo Poon are also worth a visit.

LOPBURI

The former summer capital of Thailand, Lopburi lies 155 kilometres north of Bangkok. The journey through the fertile rice bowl of Thailand is a pleasant one. Just 10 kilometres north of Ayuthaya, the hills of Korat plateau appear on the horizon.

Lopburi was an important town during the Dvaravati and Khmer periods. The last scenes of King Narai's life were played out in Lopburi in the Suttha Sawan Pavilion. Of King Narai's buildings, the only one which has substantially survived is the Dusit Maha Prasat Hall. This was built for the audience granted by the king in 1685 to Chevalier de Chaumont, ambassador of King Louis XIV.

Of particular interest in Lopburi are two important relics of the Khmer and pre-Khmer periods. One located just west of the railroad, is a 13th century laterite block shrine with three spires which gave it its Thai name of Phra Prong Sam Yod (Sacred Three Spires). The second is the Hindu Spire (Prong Khaek) in the centre of the town. This monument was probably built during the 11 th century and restored by King Narai in the 17th century.

WANG TAKRAI PARK

Established in 1955 by the late Prince Chumbot of Nagara Svarga and opened to the public by his widow, this 200-acre park is situated in a picturesque valley 106 kilometres from Bangkok. Traversed by a stream, the park has a large variety of trees, shrubs and flowers. Nearby attractions include two waterfalls, Nam Rong and Salika.

KHAO YAI PARK

Thailand's most popular wildlife and nature preserve is 205 kilometres from Bangkok. It offers a spectacular view of thickly forested valleys and hillsides and a number of waterfalls. In the vicinity are tigers, elephants, bears, monkeys, deer, porcupines, civets, mongoose and various species of birds and butterflies.

A paved road cuts through the park with branch roads leading to Heo Suwat waterfall and the summit of Khoo Khaeo mountain.

More Information

Bangkok is the Orient's most cosmopolitan city and has attractions to stimulate even the most jaded travellers. Created as the Thai capital in 1782 by the first monarch of the present Chakri dynasty, Bangkok is a national treasure house and Thailand's spiritual, cultural, political, commercial, educational and diplomatic centre.

Bangkok, Thailand's major gateway, casts an irresistible spell of enchantment. To the Thais it is Krung Thep, "City of Angels", and you'll find it truly a magic place, one that captivates the imagination.

More than anywhere else in the country, Bangkok expresses Thailand's uncanny ability to blend the old with the new. This lends a thrilling sense of discovery to one's sightseeing and adds an element of surprise when exploring what is the Orient's most fabled city.

Joyfully exuberant, Bangkok embraces modern development and presents an initial picture of thrusting office towers; of world-class hotels offering deluxe comforts; of glittering shopping plazas packed with treasures of the East such as silks and gemstones; of restaurants serving Thailand's acclaimed spicy specialities and virtually every other national cuisine worthy of the name; of neon-lit entertainment spots where the fare ranges from classical dance to laser disco.

Incredibly amidst this sybaritic world Bangkok manages to preserve its cultural heritage to an amazing degree. In the rich splendour of the Grand Palace, the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, the Temple of the Dawn and other historic shrines, you see images of medieval Oriental wonder, the very stuff of Eastern fairy tales.

The influence of the past is not limited to major monuments and it continues to colour daily life. Files of saffron-robed monks making their early morning alms round, for example, present a scene unaltered in essentials by the passing of time. Today's backdrop of highrise buildings only adds wonder to this and other enduring sights from which the city continues to draw definition.

Ultimately it is from the people that Bangkok derives its unique flavour. Fun-loving and easy going, they possess a rare tolerance which imbues the city with a real sense of freedom. It may appear at times hectic, yet what finally comes across is Bangkok's good natured acceptance of life with all its idiosyncrasies.

Thailand's "City of Angels" is, indeed, a magic place where possibilities are limited only by the imagination. You'll marvel at past glories, delight in present opportunities and love every minute of it.

No other city in Asia rivals Bangkok for thrilling night life, and evening entertainment is both plentiful and inexpensive.

Most famous are the neon-lit bar districts which are both more fun and much safer than their counterparts in other cities around the world. However, there is much more to Bangkok by night than just the glitter of pubs and bars.

Especially popular are the cultural shows staged by various Thai restaurants. Here you'll find the perfect introduction to Thailand's highly stylized classical dance, accompanied by music played on traditional instruments.
Dressed in gorgeous costumes, dancers perform the slow, graceful movements that make up the intricate language of classical Thai dance drama. Visually stunning, these shows are a must.

Also not to be missed is Muai Thai, a style of boxing unique to Thailand in which combatants use elbows, knees and bare feet as well as gloved fists. A martial art before it was a sport, Muai Thai has a long tradition and is still surrounded by much ritual.The fights are commonly fierce and furious, though the best boxers display remarkable skills, as well as great fitness, and a good contest is decided by application of technique rather than brute force. Often as entertaining as the action in the ring is the reaction of the spectators who yell and shout encouragement to the boxers as the excitement mounts.

There are two boxing stadiums in Bangkok and between them they offer professional bouts virtually every night of the week.

For either pre dinner aperitifs or late evening drinks, Bangkok boasts many sophisticated bars and cocktail lounges, some of the best being located in the top hotels. Here you can relax in pleasant surroundings and enjoy live musical entertainment by the best local and regional entertainers.

If your looking for something a little more highbrow, you will not be disappointed. Although Bangkok does not have regular offerings of plays, operas or concerts, performances are nonetheless frequently staged by both local and overseas artists and companies. The Thailand Cultural Centre is the main venue, though leading hotels quite often host visiting artists and small theatre groups .

If it's action that you are looking for, Bangkok abounds with discos. Some are small an intimate others are enormous and crowded, but all spin the latest dance music using the most modern sound systems, laser lights, videos and all the other hi-tech equipment that makes today's disco less of a place an more of an event.

The inveterate shopper may spend a happy evening strolling the streets in main entertainment areas browsing around the ranks of kerbside stalls which offer host of good buys. Alternatively, if you are tired after a busy day sightseeing, you can go to the cinema or relax in your hotel room and watch video.

Whatever your preferences, you'll discover Bangkok makes sure there's never a dull moment.

Attractions and Places of Interest

With many interesting attractions and places of interest in and around Bangkok, visitors can have a variety of " do-it-yourself " day trips to keep your holidays fun-filled and enjoyable.

OLD TOWN - CHINATOWN
In the old Bangkok town are located the Grand Palace, the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, the Temple of the Reclining Buddha, two universities and several ministries. It is from this side of the Chao Phraya River that one takes a boat to visit the Temple of Dawn and the floating market

Chinatown is situated to the southeast of the old town . The gold shop street and the Temple of the Gold Buddha are located here.

PINKLAO
A bridge was built across the Chao Phraya River near the Grand Palace in 1973. It was named Pin Klao in memory of the last but one deputy king, whose palace was nearby. Now the area on the western side of the river has become one of the most newly developed areas in Bangkok with several department stores, many restaurants and nightlife establishments.

RATCHADAPHISEK
Ratchadaphisek is the name of the new sections of the inner ring road of Bangkok but is usually used to refer to the short section between the Lat Phrao intersection and the Rama IX Road intersection. This section is being developed into a new commercial district containing several big department stores, office buildings, hotels and a large number of restaurants, A little way off the road is Thailand Cultural Centre, where shows and exhibitions are held from time to time.

RAMKHAMHAENG
When Ramkhamhaeng University was founded on Bangkok's eastern outskirts as Thailand's first open university in 1970, the area was rather remote and underdeveloped. However, as the university's yearly enrollments increased rapidly to 100,000, the area soon became a new satellite city of Bangkok with ever-increasing shop-houses, apartment buildings, restaurants, cinema houses, department stores, hotels and places of entertainment.

SIAM -RATCHADAMRI
This is one of the biggest and busiest shopping districts in Bangkok. A huge commercial complex, including a 62-storey World Trade Centre opposite Ratchadamri Arcade, is partly completed. Located in the area are several large department stores, shopping arcades, cinema theatres, and countless smaller shops. So you can satisfy all your needs if you stay in one of over a dozen first-class hotels in the area.

The Pratunam Market next to the Indra Arcade, is worth visiting if you want to broaden your field of vision. It is also the market of garments for export.

SUKHUMWIT-NEW PHETBURI
In the section from the Soi Nana crossroads to Soi Sukhumwit 21 (Asok Intersection), there are many shops catering to foreign tourists, where jewellery, leather goods, ready-made garments and souvenirs are sold and tailoring, car rent and other service are offered. Inside the lanes (soi) off the road, there are numerous fashionable residences, hotels, apartment houses, and some really good restaurants.

To the north of Sukhumwit Road is the extension of Phetburi Road which does not have many pedestrians in the daytime. After dark, however, the long street is brightened with colourful neon signs and enlivened by people going out to enjoy themselves in dozens of entertainment Places along the street.

SILOM-SURAWONG
This district has transformed in half a century from paddy fields into the most important business and financial centre of Bangkok . Today, from end to end, these two parallel streets are full of big blocks of multistory buildings, in which are banks, finance firms, insurance companies, export-import houses, hotels, airlines offices, restaurants, shopping arcades, department stores, and entertainment establishments.

A small area in this district known as Patpong, is famous for various kinds of entertainment--wine, beer, music, dancing, etc.

Bang Lamphu
A shopping area once frequented solely by local people has become a popular place for tourists. This area offers various inexpensive items, especially ready made clothes, handbags, men's and lady's shoes, cosmetics and curios. Bargaining is recommended.

Weekend Market at Chatuchak Park
This large open public ground covers approximately 35 acres opposite the Northern Bus Station on Phahonyothin Road. Known as Suan Chatuchak, it hosts the popular Weekend Market where people buy and sell a thousand local products. Items range from exotic fresh fruits, vegetables, handicrafts, dress materials, clothing shoes, toys, domestic utensils and pets. There is a particularly fine section for plants.

Weekend Market is open on Saturdays and Sundays from 7.00 a.m. - p.m. 6.00

The Grand Palace and Wat Phra Kaeo

This city landmark should be the first place on any visitor's itinerary. It is a huge compound on Na Phra Lan Road near Pramane Ground is surrounded by high white walls and occupies an area of about a square mile. The palace, begun in 1782, consists of several buildings with highly decorated architectural details. The Royal chapel, Wat Phra Kaeo, which is in the same compound, houses the Emerald Buddha, the most sacred Buddha image in Thailand. Photography inside the building housing the Emerald Buddha is forbidden.

The complex is open daily from 8.30 a.m.- 3.30 p.m. Admission fee is 125 baht(including tickets to The Coin Pavilion & Phra Thi Nang Vimanmek & Abhisek Dusit Throne Hall). Proper dress is essential.

Phra Thi Nang Vimanmek and Abhisek Dusit Throne Hall
Vimanmek Palace is located behind Bangkok's National Assembly and is the world's largest building made entirely of golden teak . The three storey wooden palace has 81 rooms, halls and ante-rooms, excluding and verandahs. Near the entrance to Vimanmek Palace is the Royal Carriage Museum where 13 royal horse-drawn carriages once used during the reign of King Rama V are collected. The collection is so splendid and regarded to be of great historical value.

Abhisek Dusit Throne Hall (The Support Museum), a one storey teak building built in the reign of King V, is situated on the east wing of Vimanmek Throne Hall. Abhisek Dusit Throne Hall is now Thailand's first handicraft museum where Her Majesty The Queen collects handicraft masterpieces created by members of Support Foundation . In the museum, visitors find such handicrafts as niellowares Thai silk with various unique designs,"Lipao"basketry like beautiful trays, handbags studded with jewels in different designs such as green beetle.

The compound is open daily from 9.00 a.m.- 4.00 p.m. Admission fee is Baht 50 per person. Free guide available (Tel. 2818166, 2816880, 2811569, 2811518, 2805926)

The National Museum
Tel: 2241333, 2241396
Within walking distance of the Grand Palace, across the Pramane Ground, is one of the largest and most comprehensive museums in Southeast Asia. The National Museum over one thousand artifacts ranging from neolithic times to the present Bangkok period. The complex, also begun m in 1782, consists of several old hut beautiful buildings of colourful Thai architectural design. The museum is open every day, except Mondays, Tuesdays and public holidays from 9.00 a.m.- 4.00 p.m. Admission fee is Baht 20.

The National Arts Gallery
This is on Chao Fa Road opposite the National Theatre. It exhibits traditional and contemporary works of art by Thai artists. The gallery is open to the public everyday except Mondays Tuesdays and public holidays from 9.00 a.m.- 4.00 p.m. The telephone number is 2812224, 2822639 . Admission fee is Baht 10.

The National Theatre
Thailand's National Theatre is on Na Phra Lan Road next to The National Museum. Thai Classical dramas and other types of international arts are periodically staged here. Current programmes can he checked at the theatre (Tel. 2241342) on weekdays between 8.30 a.m. and4.30 p.m. Special exhibition shows of Thai classical dancing and music are held on the last Friday and Saturday of each month Please contact the theatre for details.

Sanam Luang
This huge public ground in front of the Grand Palace used to be the place where the Weekend Market now moved to Suan Chatuchak on Phahonyothin Road was held. Special activities or ceremonies such as the Royal Ploughing Ceremony in May and the New Year Festival also take place here. At the northern part of Sanam Luang opposite the Royal Hotel is a small statue placed in small white pavillion. The Goddess of the Earth was built during King Chulalongkorn's reign (1868-1910)t o provide public drinking water.

The City Pillar Shrine
Located at the southeast corner of Sanam Luang this graceful temple-like Structure houses "Lak Muang" a stone pillar placed there by King Rama I, the first monarch of the present Chakri dynasty, as the foundation stone for his new capital city of Bangkok. Lak Muang is believed by many people to have the power of granting wishes.

Wat Po
(Tel :2220933)
This world famous temple is located right next to the Grand Palace on the south side. It is one of Bangkok's oldest and largest temples. Wat Pho was built by King Rama I nearly 200 years ago and houses the gigantic gold-plated Reclining Buddha. This unique image is 46 metres in length and 15 metres high with beautifully inlaid mother-of pearl soles . Wat Pho is also regarded as the first centre of public education and is sometimes called "Thailand's First University". The building housing the Reclining Buddha is open daily from 8.00 a.m.- 5.00 p.m. Admission fee is Baht 20.

Wat Arun (Temple of the Dawn)
Located on the west bank of the Chao Phraya River Wat Arun can he reached either by Arun Amarin Road or by crossing the river hy boat from Tha Tien Pier near Wat Pho. The most attractive structure in this temple is the 79 metre-high pagoda or "Phra Prang". Wat Arun was restored during the brief Thonhuri period to he the Royal Chapel of King Taksin. Despite its name "Temple of the Dawn" the most beautiful view of it is from the Bangkok side of the river at sunset. Admission fee is Baht 10.

Wat Trimit (Temple of the Golden Buddha)
At the end of Yaowarat Road near Bangkok's Hualamphong Railway Station is a temple situated on Traimit Road. This temple is known for its famous Golden Buddha constructed during the Sukhothai period. The image of solid gold is three meters high and weighs five and a half tons. this image is open to the from 9.00 a.m.- 5.00 p.m. Originally, this golden buddha image was completely covered with plaster to conceal it from the enemy then invading Thailand and was installed as the principal Buddha image in the main temple building of Choti-naram Temple or Wat Phrayakrai, Yannawa District, Bangkok in the third reign of the Chakkri Dynasty in the Ratanakosin era. When Chotanaram Temple was deserted in about 1931, the East Asiatic Company, with official pernission, extended its operations into the land area of the deserted temple.

When the building was completed and while preparations were being made to move this Golden Buddha image to the building, the covering plaster was partly broken. Only then did the people realize that it was a golden Buddha image. Thus, it has been treasured for its historical, artistic and cultural values to this day. Part of the covering plaster is also on display inside the temple building.

Wat Benchamabophit (The Marble Temple)
Tel :2812501
The Marble Temple is on Si Ayutthaya Road near Chitralada Palace. The temple is well-known because its main building was constructed during the reign of King Rama V. The best time to visit this temple is early in the morning when Buddhist monks are chanting inside the chapel. The interior of the main building is magnificently decorated with cross beams of lacquer and gold. A large collection of Bronze Buddhas lines the walls of the spacious inner courtyard. The main building is open to visitors until 5.00 p.m. There is an admission charge of Baht 10.

Wat Suthat (The Giant Swing)
Located on Bamrung Muang Road this temple took 27 years to build. It is famous for the excellent murals in the main building from the reign of King Rama III (1824-1851). The viharn should be seen for its collection of gilded Buddha images. The temple complex is open daily from 9.00 a.m.- 5.00 p.m. In front of the temple is the famous Giant Swing. Many shops surrounding Wat Suthat stock a very comprehensive range of Buddhist ecclesiastic supplies.

Wat Sa Ket (The Golden Mount)
Wat Sa Ket or the Golden Mount was begun during the reign of King Rama I(1782-1800). The golden chedi houses relics of Lord Buddha and affords visitors a panoramic view of Bangkok.

Wat Indravihan
Located in Bangkhunphrom area on Wisutkrasat Road Wat Indravihan is well-known for a huge standing Buddha image. This image of "Buddhasiariyametriya" is 32 metres tall(108.99 feet) and 10 metres and 24 inches wide (40.09 feet). This Buddhist monument was built during the reign of King Rama IV. The topknot of the Buddha image contains a relic of Lord Buddha brought from Sri Lanka. The temple is open to the public every day. There is no admission fee.

Wat Thammamongkhon
Located on Sukhumvit Soi 101 this is the highest pagoda in Bangkok. The pagoda 94.78 high, has 14 storey and an elevator to enable visitors, particularly elderly people, to go to the top of the building. Relics and a hair of the Lord Buddha, kept in the pagoda, were presented by the Supreme Patriach of Bangladesh.

Wat Ratchanatdaram
Located on Thanon Mahachai. This royal temple was built in the reign of King Rama III in 1846. Loha Prasat (Metal Palace) one of its tourist attractions standing on its 36 meters high with 37 surrounding spires is the only one of its kind left in the world. Situated in the nearby area are a royal pavilion for a guest welcome and the memorial statue of King Rama III.

Wat Bowonniwet
The building is located on Phra Sumen Road, in Banglumphu area. Built in 1829, it is the shrine-hall of Phra Phutthachinasri which was molded in about 1357. Wat Bowon niwet is one of the most important temples of Bangkok whose one-time chief abbot was King Rama IV before he ascended the throne. Other Chakri Kings who had resided here during their monkhood include King Rama Vl and King Rama Vll as well as His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej.

Wat Mahathat (Temple of the Great Relic)
This is a very old temple on Na Phrathat Road between Silpakom University and Thammasat University. The back of the temple faces the Pramane Ground or Sanam Luang. Wat Mahathat was built during the reign of King Rama I and houses Mahachulalongkorn Buddhist University one of the two highest seats of Buddhist learning in the country. Those interested in Buddhist meditation should visit Section 5 which is the head-quarters of Wipassana (insight) meditation inThailand. Information and practice in English can usually arranged according to availability of suitable monks. The temple complex is open from 9.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. On Buddhist holy days there is a thriving open air market in the grounds and a comprehensive selection of traditional Thai medicines usually in plant or root form for sale.

The Shed of the Royal Barges
(Tel: 4240004)
This shed where several royal barges are displayed is located on Khlong Bangkok Noi off the Chao Phraya River not far from Phra Pin Klao Bridge. These barges were used on Royal and government occasions and formerly served war vessels. The most beautiful and well-known barge is "Suphanahong" used by the King only when he made his Royal river procession for the Kathin ceremony a Buddhist tradition of offering robes to monks usually during October or November. The Royal barges proceeded during the Rattanakosin Bicentennial celebrations. The unique design and decorative details of each barge should he of great interest to all visitors. The shed is open to the public every day from 8.30 a.m.- 4.30 p.m. There is an admission fee of 10 baht.

Jim Thompson's Thai House
(Tel: 2150122)
This remarkable Thai-style house was the work of Mr. Jim Thompson an American who came to Thailand at the end of the Second World War and revived the Thai Silk industry. His later disappearance in the Malaysian jungles remains a mystery to this day. The house now a museum is at the end of Soi Kasemsan 2 opposite the National Stadium on Rama I Road.
On permanent display are Mr.Thompson's collection of Asian artifacts such as blue-while China ware Cambodian stone figures benjarong (a multi-couloured porcelain made in China) wooden Burmese statues and many other fabulous antiques. Jim Thompson's House is open from Monday to Saturday inclusive from 9.00 a.m.- 4.30 p.m. Admission costs Baht 100. Volunteer guides explain the collection to visitors.

Suan Pakkad Palace
(Tel: 2454934)
On Si Ayutthaya Road not far from the intersection of Phaya Thai Road used to be the residence of princess ChumShol of Nagara Svarga one of Thailand's leading art collector. There is a complex of five traditional Thai Houses overtooking a beautifully kept garden. They house a large collection of Asian art and antiques. One building exhibits a collection of seashells mineral crystal and painted pottery from Ban Chiang .

Suan Pakkad Palace is open everyday except Sunday from 9.00 a.m.- 4.00 p.m. There is an admission fee of Baht 80.

Pasteur Institute (Snake Farm)
This interesting spot is located at the corner of Henri Dunant Road and Rama IV Road west of Chulalongkorn Hospital. It is a section of the Thai Red Cross where one can have cholera smallpox and typhoid inoculations as well as rabies treatment. The institute has become a popular tourist attraction because of its large collection of live poisonous snakes.

The Snake Farm is open to the public every day between 8.30 a.m. and 4.00 p.m. on weekdays and 8.30 a.m.- 12.00 p.m. on public holidays. The extraction of venom from the snakes is demonstrated daily at 10.30 a.m. and 2.00 p.m. on weekdays and at 10.30 a.m. on public holidays. Admission fee is 70 baht. For further details please call 2520161-4

Labour Museum
Located near Makkasan Railway Station Nikhom-Makkasan Road Phayathai . Here labour history of Thailand from the past to present is put on exhibition.
The museum is open daily with no admission fee during 10.00 a.m.- 5.00 p.m. except for Mondays Tuesdays and national holidays.

Museum
The museum is on 1st floor of the Metropolitan Postal Bureau (North) behind Sam Sen Ni Post Office. Open daily from Tuesday to Sunday during 9.00 a.m.- 4.00 p.m. No admission fee. Thai and foreign stamps of the old ages are on display. The collections of postbooks in both Thai and foreign languages are available at the library. Stamps and accessories for stamp collection are on sale . For more information please contact Tel. 271-2439 573-0099 ext. 2637.

Ban Kamthieng
(Tel: 2583491, 2583444, 2602830-32)
Ban Kamthieng is an old house originally constructed in Chiang Mai more than 200 years ago and donated to the Siam society by its owners and reconstructed in Bangkok. A very large variety of Thai flora and fauna can be seen in the garden of the house, which is at 131 Soi (Soi 21) Sukhumvit Road. Also on display are items used daily by Thai farmers and fishermen.

It is open daily from 9.00 a.m.- 5.00 p.m. An admission fee of Baht 50 is charged to help maintain the property and grounds.

Museum of Imaging
The first camera and photograph museum to be established in Thailand and Asia is located at the same building as the Department of Photographic Science and Printing Technology. Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University. Historic photograph sand imaging equipment as well as its technological evolution are collected and displayed in the form of camera and imaging technology museum. Modern photographic arts and techniques as well as advanced technology of the dimensional photographs, electronic photography, and printing technology are also exhibited. The museum is open on Saturday between 10.00 a.m.- 4.00 p.m. Admission fee is Baht 100 each. It is also open on weekdays for group visitors making advance contact. Tel. 2511913, 2541748

Hall of Railways Heritage
It is located to the North of Chatuchak Park near a multipurpose parking lot, is where railway information is collected for publicity. Steam engines, train models, and miniature trains of various sizes are exhibited there along with photographs and paintings depicting development of world railway systems and several other related objects. The Hall of Railways Heritage is open every Sunday between 5.00-12.00 a.m. Admission is free. For more information please contact the Thai Rail Fan Club. Tel. 2432037-9

Prasart Museum
It is located at 9 Soi Krungtepkreetha 4, Si Nakharin Road, Phra Khanong, houses a vast collection of artifacts from pre-historic through Rattanakosin periods. Various styles of architecture, for example, a baroque building, a smaller version of the Red Palace in Bangkok National Museum, and an imitation of Ho Phra of Wat Yai Suwannaram, are scattered within the museum complex. Prasart Museum is open on Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays during 10.00 a.m.- 3.00 p.m. Admission fee is Baht 300 each (snack and beverage included). It is also open on weekdays for group visitors. Please make advance contact at Tel. 3793601, 3793607, 2539772

Bangkok Planetarium & Scientific Museum
The scientific museum situated next to the Eastern Bus Terminal(Ekamai) is an exhibition center on scientific knowledge and astronomy. Open daily, except Monday and national holidays, from 9.00 a.m.- 4.00 p.m. Admission fee is Baht 10.
At the planetarium, daily performances on the solar system are presented for the public from Tuesday to Sunday. Open from 8.30 8.30 a.m. p.m. Admission fee is 10 baht. For further information, please contact tel. 3925952, 3902301.

Narayanaphand
(Tel: 2524670-9, 2554328-9)
This is handicraft centre, under government supervision, located on Ratchadamri Rd . Visitors may inspect and buy selections of handicrafts from all parts of the country. Items available include Thai silk, ceramics, wood carvings, lacquer ware, bronze objects and Khon masks. The store is open daily from 10.00 a.m. until 8.00 p.m.

Bangkok Dolls & Museum
(Tel: 2453008)
All kinds of Thai dolls are made in this factory which is on Soi Ratchataphan (Soi Mo Leng) off Ratchaprarop Road, in the Pratunam area. It is open to visitors, who may inspect and buy dolls, every day except Sundays and public holidays from 8.00 a.m.- 5.00 p.m.

Dusit Zoo
(Tel: 2812000, 2811039)
Located near Vimanmek Palace, Dusit Zoo is opened to the public everyday from 8.00 a.m. - 6.00 p.m. Tropical animals to be found include great grey kangaroos, Sumatran rhinoceros, Siamese crocodiles, gaurs, lesser mouse deer, American bisons, etc. Admission fee is Baht 20.

Siam Water Park
Siam Water Park is merely a 30-minute drive from the Lat Phrao fly over, and is located in suburban Amphoe Minburi. The park features an extensive man-made sea with artificial surf, whirlpools, fountains and fountains and waterfalls, and towering water slides amid carefully landscaped gardens. Satellite attractions include children's playgrounds, aviaries, an open zoo and botanical gardens. The complex is open daily from 10.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. (weekdays) and 9.00 a.m. to 07.00 p.m. (weekends). Admission fee is 200 baht for adults and 150 baht for children.
Bus service: No. 26 & 27 from Victory Monument. (Tel: 51700759)

Safari World
It is located at 99 Ramindra 1, Min Buri, covers an area of some 430 rai and is divided into 2 parts. The first, the Safari Park, houses a large variety of animals like zebra, deers, giraffe, birds, tigers, lion, bears, etc.in natural habitat. Visitors can drive their own cars or have a good look from one of the Safari World's air-conditioned coaches . The second, the Marine Park, exhibits marine and some rare animals. Visitors can enjoy performances by trained animals like dolphins, birds, seals, and monkeys Restaurants and game shops are also scattered within the area and tram service is provided for those wishing to have a look around.

Safari World is open daily between 9.00 a.m. Admission fee is 400 baht for adults and 300 baht for children. For more information please call 5181000-19
Bus services: No. 26 from Victory Monument goes to Minburi, from where a mini bus service serves Safari World.

Magicland
A large scale amusement park is located on Phaholyotin Road on the way to Domuang Airport. Within its beautifully decorated area, there are linked paths, pools, legendary castles and more than 30 funny toys. Opening time is from 10.00 a.m.- 5.00 p.m. on weekdays and 9.30 a.m.7.00 p.m. on weekends. Admission fee costs 100 baht per person. The price plus service charges is 200 baht a person. For more details please contact Tel. 5131731-8.

	"Krungthepmahanakhon Amornrattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilokphop Noppharat Ratchathaniburirom Udomratchaniwetmahasathan Amonphiman Awatansathit Sakkathattiyawitsanukamprasit"

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